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Is there a duty to die?
It sounds an odd question - most of us would say 'no', except perhaps for military and similar personnel in certain circumstances. But some cultures, and some modern thinkers, think that there is a duty on a person to die in certain circumstances.
After all, when we say someone did their duty when they gave up their life to save others, we often mean that they did an act of heroism, well beyond the call of duty.
But some cultures, and some modern thinkers, think that there is a duty on a person to die in certain circumstances.
The ideas of John Hardwig
The philosopher John Hardwig re-opened this debate with an article in 1997. He says that an individual is not the only person who will be affected by decisions over whether they live or die. So, when deciding whether to live or die, a person should not consider only themselves; they should also consider their family and the people who love them.
What produces a duty to die?
Hardwig thinks that we may have a duty to die when the burden of caring for us seriously compromises the lives of those who love us:
Hardwig says that there are no general rules - each case will be different, and he openly admits
I can readily imagine that, through cowardice, rationalisation, or failure of resolve, I will fail in this obligation to protect my loved ones. If so, I think I would need to be excused or forgiven for what I did.
John Hardwig
Nor does Hardwig think that a person should make their final decision without consulting their family - although he points out the difficulties in doing this.
What makes a duty to die more likely?
He goes on to list various features of a person's situation that make it more likely that they have a duty to die:
It is one of the tragedies of our lives that someone who wants very much to live can nevertheless have a duty to die.
John Hardwig
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