, , 16-17 , , , , . . . .
VIII (
. Henry VIII, 1491-1547), , (
. Hans Holbein der Jüngere, 1497/1498 - 1543).
: , VIII, 1530. : .
- (
, . Regina Coeli) . , , , , . , . , . - , , .
Petrus Christus (a. 1410 1475/1476), Madonna mit Kind und den Heiligen Hieronymus und Franziskus, 1457, Städel Museum. .
, 19 , . . , , , , . , , .[1]
16 . . , , , , , - (.
), 16 . 17 ( ).
?
, : , , ? , , 19 .[1] , , . , , . - . , , , , , , .
- .
: The Somerset House Conference 19 August 1604. Spanish delegation on the left, English delegation on the right. : 16 .
(
.Julius Lessing, 1843-1908) - (
Kunstgewerbemuseum Berlin) . , - - . , .
.
: , , , ( ), , . , - 15 . , , - .
, : , , , .
, , Tabriz 50 Raj? , 50 Raj. Raj 70 (50 Raj - 500.000-600.000 ). , , , . . , . .
, . - . , . , , , . .
, , . - ( ) , - . ( ). , . , , , . , . . , - ( , ). . , . .[22]
, , , - .
Jean-Jules-Antoine Lecomte du Nouÿ (18421923), The White Slave, 1888, musée des Beaux-Arts
. Edouard Frederic Wilhelm Richter (German Painter , 1844-1913 ), In the Harem
Frederick Arthur Bridgman, The Card Players (1878)
. , , , - .
, , 17 , , , . , , , - - . . , , , , . . . - , . , .
"Savonnerie", 17 . .
...