-

  • (32)
  • (5365)
  • .Ru (17)
  • Welcome to (413)
  • (22)
  • (1225)
  • . (392)
  • . (426)
  • (2255)
  • . (2524)
  • . (2567)
  • (233)
  • . (6448)
  • . (1098)
  •    - (322)
  •     (115)
  • (56)
  • . (409)
  • . (313)
  • (5)
  • (50)
  • . (80)
  • ,,. (601)
  •    . (231)
  • . (51)
  • . (218)
  • . (216)
  • (128)
  • (116)
  • , ,. (22)
  • ... (161)
  • . (759)
  • (1264)
  • . (4146)
  • . (4450)
  • . (773)
  • . (882)
  • . (1523)
  • (301)
  • . (14349)
  • . (1300)
  • . (58)
  • (22)
  • (648)
  • - (37)
  • - (30)
  • . (330)
  • , . (5296)
  • . (449)
  • (131)
  • (395)
  • 2- . (743)
  • . (2150)
  • . (1985)
  • , (4)
  • (978)
  • (). (57)
  • ,,; ,, (693)
  • ,... (4349)
  • (1022)
  • . (3051)
  • (129)
  •    100 (58)
  •    100 (70)
  • (5)
  • . (468)
  • (135)
  • . (161)
  • (8)
  • . (602)
  • (51)
  • (1632)
  •     (194)
  • (126)
  •     (98)
  • . (731)
  •     (198)
  • - (199)
  • (6298)
  •     (1059)
  • . (2388)
  • . (1319)
  • . (953)
  • . (143)
  • . (157)
  • . (83)
  • , (181)
  • (419)
  • . (1575)
  • . (325)
  • (67)
  • (114)
  • (136)
  • . (1503)
  • . (4775)
  • (1057)
  • (122)
  •     (103)
  • . (417)
  • . (161)
  • (8588)
  • . (36)
  • (1007)
  • (224)
  • (668)
  • . (97)
  • (5086)
  • . (1930)
  • (98)
  •     ,,... (84)
  • . (123)
  • . (108)
  • , (8141)
  • . (1031)
  • (4340)
  • (8422)
  • (1011)
  • (105)
  • (139)
  • (2640)
  • . (493)
  • . (581)
  • (58)
  • . (79)
  • (77)
  • (1061)
  •     (188)
  • . (247)
  •     (220)
  • . (387)
  • . (644)
  • . (1828)
  • (55)
  • 2- 5-: . (45)
  • (66)
  • ! ... (166)
  • -. (3613)
  • . (22)
  • (63)
  • (32)
  • . (42)
  • ,! (659)
  • . (1166)
  • , (131)
  • . (339)
  • . (3299)
  • , (10)
  • (53)
  • . (139)
  • . (131)
  • . (222)
  • (1348)
  • . (792)
  • (614)
  • . (3142)
  •     (506)
  •     (289)
  •     ( ) (834)
  • . (1352)
  • (238)
  • (87)
  • . (279)
  • (131)
  • . (12)
  • ,. (140)
  • . (569)
  • . (30)
  • . (170)
  • . (501)
  •     (44)
  •     (284)
  • . (2432)
  •     (27)
  • (277)
  •     (15)
  • (34)
  • (235)
  •     (193)
  • (32)
  • (749)
  • (175)
  • . (2375)
  • (1368)
  •     (1017)
  • (104)
  • (45)
  •     (42)
  • . (286)
  • . (675)
  • - (39)
  • (132)
  • . (1009)
  • (222)
  • (845)
  • (143)
  • (42)
  • (3914)
  • (5)
  • . (4923)
  • (1270)
  • (61)
  • (5773)
  • (677)
  • (381)
  • (141)
  • (1695)
  • . (643)
  • (154)
  • (1396)
  • (11)
  •     (3)
  • (2387)
  • l- (2343)
  • . (5514)
  •     (2295)
  • (172)
  • . (74)
  • (99)
  • (161)
  • - (124)
  • (6793)
  • . (336)
  • . (540)
  • ! (8241)
  • (390)
  • (56)
  • (46)
  • (1)
  • ( ) (80)
  • . (39)
  • . (116)
  • . (19)
  • ? (11)
  • ... (81)
  • (201)
  • (213)
  • (726)
  • (110)
  • . (41)
  • . (74)
  • . (298)
  •     (8)
  • (802)
  • (57)
  • (233)
  • (59)
  •     (2)
  • . (214)
  • . (25)

 -

 - e-mail

 

 -

 LiveInternet.ru:
: 25.01.2011
: 33229
: 31281
: 70698

:

..


: .(25), . (214), (59), (233), (57), (802), .(298), .(74), .(41), (110), (726), (213), (201), ...(81), ?(11), .(19), .(116), .(39), ( )(80), (1), (46), (56), (390), !(8241), .(540), .(336), (6793), - (124), (161), (99), .(74), (172), .(5514), l-(2343), (2387), (11), (1396), (154), .(643), (1695), (141), (381), (677), (5773), (61), (1270), .(4923), (5), (3914), (42), (143), (845), (222), .(1009), (132), -(39), .(675), .(286), (45), (104), (1368), .(2375), (175), (749), (32), (235), (34), (277), .(2432), .(501), .(170), .(30), .(569), ,.(140), .(12), (131), (87), (238), .(1352), .(3142), (614), .(792), (1348), .(222), .(131), .(139), (53), ,(10), .(3299), .(339), ,(131), .(1166), ,!(659), .(42), (32), (63), .(22), -.(3613), ! ...(166), (66), 2- 5-: .(45), (55), .(1828), .(644), .(387), .(247), (1061), (77), .(79), (58), .(581), .(493), (2640), (139), (105), (1011), (8422), (4340), .(1031), , (8141), .(108), .(123), (98), .(1930), (5086), .(97), (668), (224), (1007), .(36), (8588), .(161), .(417), (122), (1057), .(4775), .(1503), (136), (114), (67), .(325), .(1575), (419), ,(181), .(83), .(157), .(143), .(953), .(1319), .(2388), (6298), - (199), .(731), (126), (1632), (51), .(602), (8), .(161), (135), .(468), (5), (129), .(3051), (1022), ,...(4349), ,,; ,,(693), ().(57), (978), ,(4), .(1985), .(2150), 2- .(743), (395), (131), .(449), , .(5296), .(330), -(30), -(37), (648), (22), .(58), .(1300), .(14349), (301), .(1523), .(882), .(773), .(4450), .(4146), (1264), .(759), ...(161), , ,.(22), (116), (128), .(216), .(218), .(51), ,,.(601), .(80), (50), (5), .(313), .(409), (56), .(1098), .(6448), (233), .(2567), .(2524), (2255), .(426), .(392), (1225), (22), Welcome to (413), .Ru (17), (5365), (32)
(0)

. - 50

, 07 2011 . 20:15 +

 

:

, , - . , : 20 . 90 . - .

: , , , . , " " - , .

- . , , - , . , , : .

. . , : . , , , . : , " ", , . , " ":

, , , - . : 50 , 50 . 95 . 11 . , , .

? - . , , 200 - 300 . "" " ".

, " ". . , : , - , , .

" " " ". . , , :

- . , "" . , - 300 - 400 . - .

, . " " -: , , . , . - .

- , . , , . , , , , , , - .

? , , , , "" . : . , : . , . - . . . , 2 ! , , , . : , .

- - . , . , , , . , , . " " :
", , , - , , . . , , - ? , , , . , - . , , , , . , , ? - . . , , , , . , ."
, - , , , . " " . ? , . - , .



? ()
()
- ,
.
800



.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

.

, 07 2011 . 20:09 +

 

:

XVI XIX 11 . . , «» 15 . , , - «» :

16–19 . (. .)

XVI

XVII

XVIII

XIX

50

600

2000

1200

3850

75

300

600

600

1575

300

1800

2100

160

1400

50

1610

..

..

..

1000

:

125

1360

5800

1850

10035


, - ( 8 ) - , , , .

«» : « » , , , , XVIII - , , . , : .



.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

.

, 07 2011 . 20:06 +

 

:

" , . ."
(The University of Louisiana)


.

, . , , , . : ? : – .


.

. :

, , , , .

, . , , , . ? – , , – , . - , , , , .

. , , , .





.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

. -

, 06 2011 . 19:25 +

 

: Zman

- . .

, , . – , -.

. , , . , 4.7 . , . , "". ""? , . ?

: . . , , , .

50 . . 40- , .

? : . . 1948 1 . 8 . 1948 . , . ? .

? . . , .

, . – , . 711 1950 4.7 . 2010. .

, , .

, . . , , 20 . , , , .

. , .

. . . .

, , -, , " ". .

"" , 2002 ? , , :
" , , , ".
, , . " " :
", , . . ".
– . , , , 1948 .

. , . .

, , – , , - . , . , . – . .

, , . , , , .



1922 – . – 78% . , . – , .

, . .

1946 (). 1947 22% . , . 1948 .

, . , , . " ". 40 . , , .

, , . – . , . , 70 , . , 1948 , , 1950 .

1967 , , , .

, ?

, , , . 2005 . ?

, , . . .

, . , , .

– , . . . , , .

, . 15 . .

" ", . , , , , .

, , . . . , , , .

, . . .

, , . . , . – , , .

80- , – . 1965 : ", – ". 1981 – : " – , – ".

1971 : " . – ".

70- . , , .

77 Trouw. . " , " . , , , , , - . , , ".

1988 , , . . .

-, , .

-, , , , . , , , .

. , . . . , , , . , .

: ? , ? , , , , 1946 , .

– , " " ( ), , . . . , , . .

: , , . , , . , . .




.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

.

, 06 2011 . 19:17 +

 

: Zman

" " – "The Globe and Mail" , " : - ".

1917 , , , , . , . , .

, . , , . , 1917 , , . , – , . " ", , . .

, . , , , . , .

, : – , , (). , , , , . , , : , .

( ) . , - . , - , "" .

, . , , ", ." , . . : " , ". , .

. , .

, , - , , ! , , , . . , , . 1918 – - .

. , , ! , .

, . . , . , , .

" , - . - , , , , 90 , – ".





.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

. -

, 06 2011 . 19:14 +

 

: Jewniverse

. 29 1947., , 1949. -, .

.

1947. 14 1948. , , .

-, .


,1947-1949 .

29 1947 . , 15 1948 , .

– - .


,1947-1949 .

. « » . , , . : " " , – , . – 600 .


1947-1949 . .

" " : , 15 1948 , -«» , , . , 15 1948 , , .

. 29 1947 7 . 184 . 1948 , 50 100 . – 12 44 . 78 . – . , . 884 .


, , ( - ) ( - ) , , .

– , . 31 1947 , , . 39 . . , . 60 , .


,1947-1949 .

«», 1948 . , . « ». , , .

- . . - , , -«», . «» .

, -. () , - . . - (72 ) (60 ), ( 1922., 1938.) ( 1926., 2- )


,1947-1949 .

- 8 1948 . , , . , . , .

, -. . , , , .

- . 1948 . , , , , , . . , . : « !» « !». , , , , . , . , «», «!», .

, . , -, , . , 100 250 .


,1947-1949 .

10 - . . , , . . , . . .

- , . , , , , , .


,1947-1949 .

. « » -. , . , , . . , . .

. - 1948 , , , , . .

14 1948 , , . , 15 , : , , , . (), -.



.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

-.

, 06 2011 . 19:07 +

" , , , , ."
( , , 1955 )

:
  - – ,
  - – ,
  – " -" " -"
  – " -"
  –
  – ,

-.

: Maof

22- , , , , : (), , , ( ), .


. , , , , , . , , .

– . , , . , , .

, , . , , :
  • – ( 12 .);
  • – ( 5 , );
  • – (4 , );
  • – ;
  • – .
, , , - , . 19 , , .

20 , .

, - , , , , .




. , , . , .

1974 , , :

" , ".

- , , - , .

,    .

1955 :

" , , , , ."

- 1964 , , 7- :

" , "

1959 :

" , , , ."

, , .

*  *  *

, . - (. . 19, 20). - .

, , , - , , , , . , , .

- , , . - , .

, . , : "", "", "", - , , .

, , . ; "" , . .

- , , :

" , , ."

, "", . , , .




. , , , - .

, , . , . - , , .

, ; , , . ; , .

. , , , .

, . , . , - , , , . "" - "", - , .

- , . , , . , .

. -. , , , , , , .

, . , , , , . , - , , , , " " .

, , , , .

- , , , , , - . . : , , .


-

, "" , , , .

, , , , .




, , , " ". . , . , , , , . " .

. , , . , , , .




, . .

, , . , . - ( , ).

, , . , , . ; , , , .

- . , , " " - . , "" , , . , , .

- 2 . 1983 . :

. , , ; , . , . *, , ".
* - . (. .)

, ( ), .


-

, . , . , , , . , .

, (, , ), . , .

, , , . , , .

, . , .

, . .

, - , , .




- , , , , .

, , -, 1982 :

" , . ."




, , , - . , . , .

, , , , , .


- - , , ( ).
: "Eurabia", "Islam and Dhimmitude", "Decline of Eastern Christianity", "The Dhimmi: Jews and Christians Under Islam".



.
.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

.

, 06 2011 . 19:03 +

 

: Middle East Forum



14 1947 , , :

" , , . , , , . , ." :

" , . . , , . ." 1 , , , ; 2 , , , - " " , .

, , , , , . , , , " " - , 4 , , , . , , , , " " 5 , . 6

, , , . , 1949 , , , , , - , . , , . : " , ." 7

, : " 1947 1948. 1 , , , ." 8 590 000 1948; , .

, , , - .



, , . :

" . - . , . ." 9 " " , , . 1948, (, ,..), . 1950 1951 . 10

, , , . , , , 1949, - , , -, . .

, , . , , , .

, , .. ..

, . , . , : ", ?", : ". ." , , - . . 11

, , , , , , 12 , , .

, 13 1951, -, , . , , " ," " , ." . , :

" . - . , ..., ? ? , ? , , , ." 13 , , , .

, , , . 1949, .
  • 18 1949 (.., 1949, ), : " 160000 , ... , ." 14

  • 8 1949, " ", , " , ." 15

  • 8 1949, " " 16

  • 29 1949, , " : 100000 ." 17

  • 14 1949, "100000 80000 ." 18

  • Clapp 1949, 19 , . 20
, , , , , , , .

. 1950, . .

14 1951, , . , , , . 22 , , , . , , . 23



, , , , , .



. , . , , , 1949-50 . " " (, : " - "). , , . , . , 50000 .

. , .



, , . 1945, 130 ( ). 24 , , . , . , .



, , 1946, , , . , , : 1947, , .

. . . , , . 25



, . , . , 1962, , , .

1940, . 1945, - 1948, 26 . , 29 1947, , 40% 75% , , 85% . 27 1948 :

", , , . , , , "", "". - . () , ." 28 , " ".

, , . 1956 . , "" , 29 , 4 ; 30 , . 1956 " , , , ." 31 1958 , 10 65 , , , . 32 , .



1961, , . 33 . . 1963 , , . 34 , " ", .



1946 ( ), 1921 " " 35, . 1954 , , . 36 . 37



. , , 38 - 1941, , . , -, , , " , , ." 39

, . 40 " - " " " , , . - - , " , ." 41

, , , , - , . 1951 , , . " , , , , : - - ." 42 , , . , , , "" , , , , " " . 43

, , , . ' - , , , , , , , ; . 44 , , 1975, , , , , " , ." :

" , . , , . : ", 1948 , . , 1948 (1 , 800 , 590 ). , . , , , , , . , , ". , , ." 45



, . " , ." 46 , , . , " , 1948." 47

. , , . , , . , . -, " " . .


 -     ,   "  ".


  • U.N. General Assembly, Second Session, Official Records, Ad Hoc Committee on the Palestinian Question, Summary Records of Meetings, Lake Success, N.Y., Sept. 25-Nov. 15, 1947, p. 185. The original language of this statement is French, so we have altered the U.N's English translation to bring it into harmony with the equally official French text.
  • For example, Emile Najjar, the last president of the Egyptian Zionist Federation and a future Israeli diplomat, pointed out Heykal Pasha's remarks in a lecture delivered in Paris at the Centre d'Etudes de Politique Etrangere on Dec. 20, 1947.
  • Gurdron Kramer, "Aliyatah u-shki'atah shel Kehilat Kahir," Pe'amim, Spring 1981, pp. 28-30-34.
  • U.N. General Assembly, Second Session, Official Records, Verbatim Record of the Plenary Meeting, vol. II, 110th-128th meetings, Lake Success, N.Y., Sept. 16-Nov. 29, 1947, p. 1391.
  • H.J. Cohen, The Jews of the Middle East, 1860-1972 (Jerusalem: Israel Universities Press, 1973), p. 67.
  • Daniel Pipes, Greater Syria: The History of an Ambition (New York: Oxford University Press, 1990) p. 57, records 75 victims of the Aleppo massacre.
  • Al-Kifah, Mar. 28, 1949, quoted Shlomo Hillel, Ruah Kadim (Jerusalem: 'Idanim, 1985) p. 244. This book is available in English as Operation Babylon, trans. Ina Friedman (New York: Doubleday, 1987).
  • Walid Khalidi, "Plan Dalet, Master Plan for the Conquest of Palestine," Middle East Forum, Nov. 1961, p. 27.
  • U.N. General Assembly, Second Session, Official Records, Verbatim Record of the Plenary Meeting, p. 1391.
  • Cohen, Jews of the Middle East, pp. 29-35: Hillel, Ruah Kadim, pp. 135-42.
  • Sir Alec Kirkbride, From the Wings: Amman Memoirs, 1947-1951 (London: Frank Cass, 1976), pp. 115-16.
  • For example, the colonial secretary spoke of this to the Mandates Commission of the League of Nations in 1937. League of Nations, Minutes of the 32d (Extraordinary Sessions of the permanent Mandates Commission, Geneva, July 30-Aug. 18, 1932, p. 21; Hugh dalton, Memoirs: The Fatal Years, 1931-1945 (London: Frederick Muller, Ltd., 1957) pp. 426-427.
  • 'Arif al-'Arif, An-Nakba, 1947-1955, vol. 4 (Sidon and Beirut: Al-Maktaba al-'Asriya, 1960) p. 893.
  • Telegram from the American embassy in Damascus to Washington, D.C., Feb. 21, 1949. I am grateful to Ron Zweig for making this and other U.S. government telegrams available to me.
  • Telegram from the American embassy in Baghdad to Washington, D.C., May 9, 1949.
  • Moshe Gat, A Jewish Community in Crisis: The Exodus from Iraq, 1948-1951 (Jerusalem: The Zalman Shazar Center for Jewish History, 1989), p. 40.
  • Hillel, Ruah Kadim, p. 245.
  • Telegram from the American embassy in Baghdad to Washington, D.C., Oct. 15, 1949.
  • Formally, the Economic Survey Mission, a U.N. effort headed by the Tennessee Valley Authority chairman, Gordon R. Clapp, which led to the establishment of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency.
  • Information related to the author on Dec. 12, 1990, by Paul Marc Henry, secretary to the Clapp Mission (and later French ambassador to Lebanon).
  • Hillel, Ruah Kadim, p. 224.
  • Elie Kedourie, The Chatham Version and Other Middle Eastern Studies (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1970), p. 449n. 72.
  • Gat, Jewish Community in Crisis, pp. 151-52. An Israeli court has confirmed that Zionists were not behind the explosion: Barukh Nadel, an Israeli journalist, wrote that Israel's emissaries in Iraq were involved in this crime. In 1980, Mordekhai Ben- Porat, a former member of parliament (and later a government minister) who had played a major role in organizing the mass immigration of Jews from Iraq to Israel, brought a libel suit against Nadel. Ben-Porat produced the results of an inquiry by the Israeli secret services in 1951, which concluded that none of the Israeli emissaries was involved in the crime. The defendant retracted his allegations and the case was closed. See Ma'ariv, Dec. 7, 1981.
  • John Wright, Libya: A Modern History (Baltimore, Md.: The John Hopkins University Press, 1982), p. 75n. 1; "The Jewish Case before the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry on Palestine as presented by the Jewish Agency for Palestine" (Jerusalem: Publishing Department of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, 1947), pp. 392-94.
  • The French diplomat (whose name is no longer known) told this in the early 1950s to Eugene Weill, secretary-general of the Alliance Israelite Universelle; Mr. Weill repeated it to the author in the early 1970s.
  • Cohen, Jews of the Middle East, pp. 49-51.
  • Ibid., p. 88; Shimon Shamir, The Jewis of Egypt (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1987), pp. 33-67.
  • Published originally in Akhir Sa'a, then translated into French as part of a newspaper survey in La Bourse Egyptienne of July 22, 1948; cited in Yehudiya Masriya, Les Jufis en Egypte (Geneva: Editions de l'Avenir, 1971), p. 54.
  • Law no. 391 of 1956, section 1(a). See Al-Waqa 'i' al-Misriya, no. 93 repeated (1), Nov. 30, 1956.
  • Egyptian Official Gazette, no. 88 repeated (1) of Nov. 1, 1957.
  • "Egyptian Nationality," in Revue Egyptienne de Droit International, vol. 12 (1956), pp. 80,87.
  • Egyptian Official Gazette no. 31, Apr. 15, 1958.
  • For a compelling account of how the "very old and well-established " Jewish community of one Algerian town, Ghardaia, "could be blasted loose from its deep and ancient roots almost overnight, and could be shattered so completely," see the compelling account by Lloyd Cabot Briggs and Norina Lami Guede, No More For Ever; A Saharan Jewish Town (Cambridge, Mass.: Peabody Museum, 1964).
  • See section 34 of the Algerian Nationality Code, Law no. 63-69 of Mar. 27, 1963 p. 306; also cited in Annuaire de l'Afrique du Nord 1973, pp. 806-14.
  • Quoted in Aaron S. Klieman, Foundations of British Policy in the Arab World: The Cairo Conference of 1921 (Baltimore, Md.: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1970), p. 230.
  • Section 3(3) of Jordanian Nationality Law no. 6 of 1954, recorded in Al-Jarida ar-Rasmiya, no. 1171, Feb. 16, 1954, p. 105.
  • Anti-Jewish discrimination appears in order no. 1282 of July 1, 1957 (attributed to the Official Gazette of Jordan, no. 1282 by the Collection of Laws and Regulations [in Arabic], vol. 1 issued by the Jordanian Bar, Amman, 1957, p. 186), which exempts Syrian nationals from showing their passports on entering or leaving Jordan. They may use any other identifying document provided that "they are not Jews." The same discriminatory legislation against Jews from Lebanon appears in Majmu'at al-Qawanin wa'l-Anzima, vol. 1 (Amman: Jordanian Bar, 1966), p. 188
  • Yehuda Tagar "Ha-Farhud bi-Ktavim be-'Aravit me'et Medina'im u-Mehabrim 'Iraqiyim,"Pe'amim, Summer 1981, pp. 38-45.
  • Hillel, Ruah Kadim, p. 285.
  • Mordekhai Ben-Porat is one exception,: at the end of 1975, he established the World Organization of Jews from Arab Countries. He also spoke up on this topic in the Israeli parliament (see, for example, Divrei ha-Knesset, vol. 72, Jan. 1, 1975, p. 1112).
  • Jean-Pierre Peroncel-Hugoz, Une Croix sur le Liban (Paris: Lieu Commun, 1984), p. 114. The issue of Jewish refugees from Arab countries is likely to grow in importance as many of their number reach the forefront of public life in Israel. In the imd-1980s, for example, the chief of staff of the Israel army, the parliamentary speaker, the minister of justice, the minister of energy, and the minister of health all were of Iraqi origin. The secretary-general of the Histadrut (the labor federation) was born in Yemen. The deputy prime minister and the minister of the interior were born in Morocco. The countries of the Arab League have by now an impressive representation in the government of Israel.
  • 'Arif, Al-Nakba, p. 894.
  • Jeune Afrique, July 4, 1975; Ma'ariv, July 3, 1975.
  • Kol Ha'ir, Oct. 30, 1986.
  • An-Nahar, May 15, 1975.
  • Kirkbride, From the Wings, p. 115.
  • Wright, Libya, p. 75n 1.



.
.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

.

, 06 2011 . 19:00 +

 

:

, , ? — , , .

, . , , , , , , , . , , , , .

, , , , . , , , , , .

, , , . . , , , - . , , , ?

, , .

— , , ? — , - , : — , , , . . , . . , , , . , , — , , — , . . , 1956 ( - . .):

: , . , , . , , , , . , , , , . .

, , , . . , , :

— , , . . , , 1948 , , , : « , ». , , , , , — , : « , ... , , ». , , . , (), , , , . , . , — , , . «», — . — , , .

. , , : «, . , , . . , , , . , , c, , . , ».

. , . , . , , , . - , , , , , :

— , 1949 , , - . , , . , . . , , : « , ».

, 1956 , , . , , . . , ? , , , , , , , . , . , , . ? . . , .

, 1956 , , 1967 ( - . .), , , . , , . : « — ». : « , , , ». . , , , 27 : « , — !». : « ». , , , 1 : « , ».

, . , . . , . . , , . , , , :

«, ! . , ! , , , !». , , . , , . , , , , , . , — 110 . , 700 , 200 — . . 100 , , !

, . , , , , ?! , . , . , , , , . , .

, , , , , .

. ? . , , , , , , . — , . , , .

, , , . , , , , , , . , , .

, .





.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

-.

, 06 2011 . 18:51 +

 

: Fictionbook

. 1900

, - .

- . , , - (), , , , . , , , , .

.

1874-75 - , .

1878 - , , . 1912 .

19- 20- - , , , , .

. 1900

1878 , . 12 . , , ; , - . , , , , 18- .

, 19- ; , -, , .

, I987 , , , , . - , .

- - , , ( ).
: "Eurabia", "Islam and Dhimmitude", "Decline of Eastern Christianity", "The Dhimmi: Jews and Christians Under Islam".




.
.
.
.

:  
(0)

. - 1922-1931

, 05 2011 . 19:25 +

 

: Middle East Forum

19 20 . , .

. , . , , .

- . , . , "" . 19 20 . : , .

, . , . , .

. , " " , , .




, . , . , , , - – , . , , , , , .

, . , , , , . , ; . , .

, , , .[1] . . (), .[2] . , , , , , , 6.5 .[3] 1998 1.35 . : (234000 38000 ) (84000/43000).[4] -: 2001. 850000 350000-400000 .[5] , : 2 $ 0.28 $ , .[6][5][4][3]

. - . 1996 278$ 31$.[7]

. 21 , , 150 , 100 - , 30 - .[9]

, , . (), , , 9% 100 .[10] 1987. 1.6 . , . 43% , - 39%.[11] 1990-91 . . 2000 , , 2.7 , 34% . 12% , -, 8%.[12][12]

, . 1998, , 275000 , 38 ( 400 ), 74 , 100 . [13] . - , -, , , , , , , ? , , , , , . , 40. , 2000, , , , .[14]


1922-1931

, , 20 , 20 . 20 :

1) , .

2) , . , .

- . 1920 1920

, , . 1 , 1920 .

1. : 1922-1931 .

   (a) (b) (%) (/) () ()
1922 5,056 3,821 84.2 - - 450
1924 6,541 5,522 90.3 - 3,526 580
1926 9,603 5,013 90.8 2,344 5,611 631
1928 12,022 2,891 98.6 2,974 8,780 706
1931 16,539 3,225 95.2 9,546 14,557 922

: R. Szereszewski, Essays on the Structure of the Jewish Economy in Palestine and Israel (Jerusalem: Maurice Falk Institute for Economic Research in Israel, 1968), 60, 82; S. Himadeh, Economic Organization of Palestine (Beirut: American University at Beirut, 1938), pp. 282, 565.

(a,b) () 1936;

14.1%, . . , .[15] . , 1922-31 . 19.4 ( ) 38.2

, .[16] 2 .

2. : 1932-1936 .

(a) (b) (c) (d)
12 - 16.0 90.1
13 50-310 19.0 97.6
10 40-60 13.8 93.2
- - - 90.1
19 70-500 22.9 186.3

: F. Gottheil, "Arab Immigration into Pre-State Israel: 1922-1931," Middle Eastern Studies, Oct. 1973, p. 320. (a) British pound sterling, 1936; (b) in mils, 1933-5; (c) International Units (IU), 1934-6; (d) IU, 1934-6.




, 1920, , , , , .[17]

.. 1905 , , 50% , , - , , : 43% , 39% 20% .[18] :
" , , . , , ." [19]
. 1926 , 1920 .

, , , :
" 1800 1914, 6-7 %. , - ." [21]
, 6-7% 4% , , , , .

, :
" , - , 1922-1944 . . , , - : , ." [22]
1935 :
"1557 ( 565 - ), , , ." [26]
, 992 . 1935 : 64% 36% .

" 1800-1914", . " " . , , , :
" : ." [27]
, 1920 1930, :
" , -, , ." [28]
1923-36 .. :
" , - ." [29]



. . . ? , . . , , , , ?

, 1922-31 , . 2.5% [30] , 589,177 1922, , 735,799 1931 97.6% 753,822 1931. , , "", 1922-31 . , . , .[31] , .

, , , : .

? 1922-1931 , 1948 , , ( ), , , , .[32]

, , 321,866 (1922) 463,288 (1931), . 141 422. 2.5% 1922 , 1931, 398,498, 64,790 , . , . 1922-31 11.8% 1931, , 36.8% 1922-31 .

, " ", 19 20 ; , .

- .




, , : , .

"" 1967 , , , , . , , 1880 – 1948 , - .



[1] On June 20, 2002, there were 2,840,000 "migration" entries on the Internet (Google); 319,000 for Asian migration alone, 282,000 for African migration, 291,000 for Middle Eastern migration, 78,000 for Arab migration, and 69,000 for Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development migration. The International Labor Organization (ILO) and the United Nations have published extensively on the subject.
[2] Reuters, June 18, 2002.
[3] The Jakarta Post, Mar. 3, 2000.
[4] Peter Stalker, Growing Global Migration and Its Implications for the United States (Washington: National Intelligence Council, Mar. 2001), p. 38, table 3, at http://www.cia.gov/nic/graphics/migration.pdf.
[5] Migration News, Oct. 2001, p. 2., at http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/archive_mn/oct_2001-16mn.html.
[6] The Jakarta Post, Mar. 3, 2000.
[7] Ibid.
[8] Nicholas Van Hear, Consequences of the Forced Mass Repatriation of Migrant Communities: Recent Cases from West Africa and the Middle East (Geneva: U.N. Research Institute for Social Development, 1992), p. 1.
[9] Patrick Taran and David Nii Addy, "Global Overview Trends in Labour Migration, Standards and Policies with Reference to West Africa," ILO International Migration Policy Seminar for West Africa, Dakar, Senegal, Dec. 18-21, 2001, at http://www.december18.net/paper35Dakar.htm.
[10] Ibid.
[11] The Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics, Cairo, provides these statistics at http://www.frcu.eun.eg/www/homepage/popin/eeea.htm.
[12] ILO Migration Data Base, Egypt: Table 11, "Nationals Abroad by Sex and by Host Country, Absolute Numbers, 1986-2001." See also "Egyptian Guest Workers in the Gulf," Migration News, July 1995, at http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/archive_mn/jul_1995-22mn.html.
[13] Ahmad Sidqi al Dajani, The Future of the Exiled Palestinians in the Settlements Agreement (London: Palestinian Return Center, Oct. 2000), at http://www.prc.org.uk/english/ext-pals-eng.htm.
[14] The Jerusalem Post, July 4, 2001.
[15] Roberto Bachi, The Population of Israel (Jerusalem: Institute of Contemporary Jewry, Hebrew University, 1974), p. 45.
[16] Ibid., p. 46
[17] A second issue contributing to the dearth of Arab migration data and analysis was that scholarly research and interest in the region focused on the more legal and documented, more prevalent, and more politically significant Jewish immigration. While Arab immigration may have been obvious and even predictable, it would have been less noteworthy at the time.
[18] U.O. Schmelz, "Population Characteristics of Jerusalem and Hebron Regions According to Ottoman Census of 1905," in Gar G. Gilbar, ed., Ottoman Palestine: 1800-1914 (Leiden: Brill, 1990), p. 42.
[19] Ibid., pp. 32-3. Emphasis added.
[20] Ibid., p. 61. Emphasis added. Elsewhere, he grants that "the censuses were taken by teams of local mukhtars and other functionaries" and "that may have created conflicts of motive when the authorities, by threat of penalty, exacted reports from local dignitaries (the mukhtars) which the population may have had an interest in evading." (pp. 18-9).
[21] Bachi, Population of Israel, pp. 34-5. Emphasis added.
[22] Ibid., p. 51. Emphasis added.
[23] Ibid.
[24] Palestine Blue Book, 1937 (Jerusalem: British Mandatory Government Printer, 1938), p. 140.
[25] Ibid. Emphasis added. The Palestine Blue Book, 1928 actually offers an estimate. It says: "The total population 816,064 is probably understated by 20,000-25,000 due to unrecorded immigration." (p. 143.) Three years later, the Palestine Blue Book, 1931 uses the same estimate and the same wording but for a different size population: "The total population 946,463 is probably understated by 20,000-25,000 due to unrecorded immigration." (p. 146.) By 1937, the estimate was dropped in favor of "no estimate of its volume is possible."
[26] Report by His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the Council of the League of Nations on the Administration of Palestine and Trans-Jordan for the Year 1935 (London: His Majesty's Stationary Office, n.d.), p. 14.
[27] Gar G. Gilbar, "Economy and Society in Palestine at the Close of the Ottoman Period: A Diversity of Change," in Ottoman Palestine, 1800-1914, p. 3.
[28] Great Britain and Palestine, 1915-1945, Information Paper no. 20, 3d ed. (London: Royal Institute for International Affairs, 1946), p. 64.
[29] C.S. Jarvis, "Palestine," United Empire (London), 28 (1937): 633.
[30] The 2.5 growth rate is derived from the following table for annual rates of natural increase of Muslim population. 1922
[31] Palestine Blue Book, 1937, p. 140.
[32] For a sub-district by sub-district count of population and for the methodology used to separate subdivisions that became 1948 Israel and those that did not, see Fred M. Gottheil, "Arab Immigration into Pre-State Israel: 1922-1931," Middle Eastern Studies, 9 (1973): 315-24. The analysis here is a summary version of this article.
[33] Justin McCarthy, The Population of Palestine (New York: Columbia University Press, 1990), pp. 16-7, 33-4.
[34] Ibid., p. 16. Emphasis added.
[35] Ibid.
[36] Ibid.
[37] The closest McCarthy gets to a linkage discussion is his insistence that the increase in Muslim population had little or nothing to do with Jewish immigration. His findings contradict those of Ruth Kark, Charles Issawi, Roberto Bachi, U.O. Schmelz, Fred M. Gottheil, and Moshe Braver, among others. McCarthy chooses not to address their evidence and competing findings although he refers liberally to both Schmelz's and Bachi's research on other demographic issues.
[38] McCarthy, Population of Palestine, p. 33.
[39] Ibid.
[40] Bachi, Population of Israel, p. 133. Emphasis added.
[41] Ibid., p. 389.
[42] Ibid., p. 390. Emphasis added.
[43] McCarthy, Population of Palestine, p. 34. Emphasis added.


.
.
.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

.

, 05 2011 . 19:22 +

 

: Isralife

. , . : -, -. « ?» - , . , . , .

, , . .

. (, , ). , ...

, ? ! , .

« » . , , «» .

- , . , . , , . ?

- - , , - , - , , . , - . , – , . , , ...

- , , ?..

- . , – , . . , – , .

- « »?

- , ! , - , – , . , . , ...

. , « » – , , . – , .

- ... , - .- . - – , . , ... – . – , . ... , , , . – .

– , , , . , . ... , . , , – - , – . . «» , . , . , , , . - - .

- ? – . – , , – , , !

- – , « ». , « », , , .

( ), . , , , .

« » – . , . «» , . (, , ), , ( ).

? , , , ? , , , - .



@Mail.ru
.
.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

-

, 05 2011 . 19:20 +

, - . , - , : ", ."

. : - . , ? , , - .

-


" ", , 2 . . , , 1920-40 - , , . , , , , . , , .

, , . . , , , , , .

, . : "", "", "".

. - - , : , , .

, , 130 . . .

5.5 . 1.3 . - . ( ):
  • - ;
  • ;
  • ;
  • ;
  • , (, , );
  • ;
  • , ;
  • -, , ;
  • ;
  • ;
  • ;
  • , ;
, - . 3 , , 50 - . . , , .

, .
, .
, ( ).

, , . , , .

:
  • 130 1,2 ?

  • , , , , , , ?

  • 800 , 1940-60 , , ?

  • , ? ?

  • - , : " "?



- , , , . ;

- . , , .

- 500 . , , .

, , , .



- , , , .

- .

, 1967 , , .

, , -, . , , , , 1948 , . , .

, , , , . ? , ?


.

, . - .

. , 80 , " " . , , .


, , , 70%, 10 7% .
, , . « , 700 . , , , .


.
-. - , .
- (52), , . , .
, - .
Cursor Info

.
28 2004. - 1200 , - . . -, . ( , ). , 80 .
JNews

. , , , . .

, " , ". , , ( , - ). , – , .

3,4%, 41337 2003 39938 2004. «» - 4,5%, 2003 13251 , 2004 – 12661.


30 .
. . «700» , , , , .

«» ( , ) «» . , , . - . . - , . -, .

, - , , . , , . , .

, , . , , .
JNews

23 2004. - « -» , , . : , «», , « », . « -». .
JNews

18 2004. 19:00 . , «» « » .
. . ?
. : , . , , , , , .
JNews

27 2003. «» . , . , . - , . . , «» .
«» , . « -» . , . , , «» .
2,3 , 1,5 . , , , , . , 120 , , - .
. «» 800 , 500 . .
JNews



:

 
1948 - 1967

1967 - 2000
, , , , . .
. . . . 25% .
. . , , .
, . – . , , . – – .
60000- , , , . . - . , . . 4 .

 
.
.
.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

.

, 05 2011 . 19:15 +

 

: Russkiy Club

, 1913 .

"" , , . .

- , - - , , .

: .

19- , . . , , .

, 1880 - 1910 .

20- . - , , , .

, - . "New York Tribune", 1854 . , ? , 1854 "New York Tribune" . -, .

, 1906 , , . , 60 , 6 , 13 - , 40 - .

, 1880 - 1900 .
, 1889 .
, 1947 .

" , , " - .

, , , 1906 . , , , - .

 
, 1877 .

, 1865 .

, , . . - . , . .


, 1913 .

, 1915 .

, 1911 .

, 1913 .

, 1915 .

, 1915 .

1939 : " , , ".

1948- - . - . . .

, . , , . . , - - , - - .

, . , , .

- - , - , .

- , 99,9 . , .

- . . , . , , .

* * *

(: , . )
. 19 . .


[%], [% ]
1844  7,120  5,000  3,390  15,510 
1876  12,000  7,560    [25%], [0.8%]  5,470  25,030 
1896  28,112  8,560    [10%], [0.5%]  8,748  45,420 
1922  33,971  13,411    [48%], [1.8%]  4,699  52,081 
1931  51,222  19,894    [64%], [7.1%]  19,335  90,451 
1948  100,000  40,000  [200%],  [11%]  25,000  165,000 
1967  195,700  54,963  [150%], [7.8%]  12,646  263,309 
1987  340,000  121,000  [660%],  [33%]  14,000  475,000 
1990  378,200  131,800  [110%],  [36%]  14,400  524,400 
2000  530,400  204,100  [723%],  [72%]  14,700  758,300 

, 1967 , . , , , , .




-

.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

.

, 05 2011 . 19:11 +

 

: MIGnews
: , ?

: .
, , , , . , , – ?

, , – , , , "" . , . . ?

. ?

. – , . , , . ?

, , , . ?

11 2001 , , . , ?

( ), , "" " ", . , " "? ?

, . – – , , "" ?

. "" – , , . "" , – ?

"" , , ?

, . ?

: , . ?

. . , – . ?

. , . ?

, . ?

, , ?

, , . , ?

11 2001 , , ?

, , ?



@Mail.ru

.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

.

, 05 2011 . 19:09 +

 

: Zman

, . -, - , . , - , . – , .

- , «» - . - – , - . , .

«»? , , ? , , . , , , . , «» . , « ».

« 1998 , " " ( . , ). , . , , " , ". - , . 2000 . . , , " " (. , The Moscow News).

"Jewish Press", 2003 .

- , - ?
- , , , . , . .

- , .
- . . . 1- , , : " , . , . ."

- , .
- , . . . , 1967 , . , , . , , , .

- , , , - .
- 2000 . . . : " ?" : " , , ." : " ?" : " ." . - . , , ? . , 1919 . , . . , , , . , . , ; – , , .

- .
- . , . . , , , .

- , ?
- . , , . : . .

, "Jerusalem Post"

- ?
- 1- . ( ). – , . , , . , , – , . .

- - ?
- 1919 , , . , , . , , . , . . .

- ?
- . - .

- ?
- , , , . , , . , , , .

- , , . ?
- , , , – , - . , . , . – – . , , , . , , . , , , .

- . ?
- [ ] , 10-20 , , , . , - . , , , , : « , , .

, ""

- , ?
- . . , – , . . , – - ( ). , , . , , – , ...

- « ». , « » ?
- . « » - , . ... . , , .

- , , ?
- , . . « » , .

- ?
- , , . , , , . , ...

- ?
- , .

, "Israpundit.com"

- , , , , . . ?
- , , , " ". , () () . , ,
- , . , , , .

- . , ( 5:51): " , ! , . - , ". , : " , ( ), , , : " , , !" - ?
- , . "" - , , "", "", "", "". : " , ! , ". , . " " : " , , ". , . , , , , , -. , , , . , , .

- . ?
- , , , , . , - ( ) , , , - . - , , , , . , .

- " ". ?
- " " , , , , , , " c" .

- , . ? . . , , .

- " " , - ( ) - ( ) . , , . . ?
- - - , . , . - , , . - , . , , -. , , ».

*  *  *

, . (77%) . , ( ). «» , , . , .

, « » . , , , «» 2- ...

, . « , , , (-) . " , -, , -, - , - ".

- – « – », « – ». , « », - , .

30 2009 - . , ( -), . , , , . ", , , - . "", , -, - . - () , , 1964- , , , . – ? ".

, , , , , , .

, , . ... - «», «» , «». , , . « » «» . , .




Credo.Ru " , Jewish Press"
Credo.Ru " , Israpundit.com"
Newsland.Ru " : - "
" , "
Maof " , Jerusalem Pos"

.
.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

-

, 05 2011 . 19:06 +

-

: sem40


1. .
1. .

2. - - .
2. - - , .

3. .
3. .

4. .
4. , , .

5. ( ) .
5. ( ) , .

6. .
6. , .

7. .
7. .

8. .
8. , , .

9. .
9. .

10. .
10. .

11. .
11. .

12. .
12. .

13. .
13. .

14. .
14. .

15. .
15. , .

16. .
16. , .

17. .
17. .

18. " " - .
18. " " - .

19. .
19. .

20. .
20. , .

21. .
21. .

22. .
22. . , , .

23. , .
23. , .

24. , .
24. , .



@Mail.ru

.
.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

, 05 2011 . 19:03 +

.

:

. – ( 1400 ) , , .

. , "" ().
, , . . , . , . , " () - ".

, , - "". , , .

, - . – , .

1967 , ( – 1500 ). (- , ) . , . , , . - , , - . -. - , . , . , 12 - , I.

, . . , , , . . . , , .

- () . 27000 1700. . . , .

. . " ", . , , , , , . . .



@Mail.ru

.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

, 05 2011 . 19:01 +

.

:

, 99,9% . 0,1% .

, , , :

- ,
- ,
-
-


, .

, 99,9% , 0,1% , .

? . . ? , , , , . , . .

, , , .

, , , . ( ).

"" , , 70 . .. , , . . - , .


, ,

. , , , , , , , .

1922 , () " ".

, . - , , . , , , ! , , .

. , , , .

, . , . , . , - .

? - . , , , , " ".

17 " " . , , .

, . c , .

, , (2,8 . 1997 ). , , , , .

, ? , , ? , , - ?

. " " , . - .

, -, . - .

- , .



@Mail.ru

.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

. - ,

, 04 2011 . 19:26 +
: Zman

23- 2011 , . , , "Mein Kampf".

, , , .

C , , , . .

, , . , . , " ". . .

, 1990 . - . , 1979 1982 .

, - , , , . -, . 1992 .


, , 10 4-6 . , , . , . , , , .

, , "" . , . .

. , , , :

" , , . ".
( , 1, 31)

" ", , , .

, , .

, , . "" , .

. , . . .

" "

. , . . . , . , , . , 20% . 60% , , . " ". 20% , - .

" "

. , . , , .

" , "

, . , . . , , . . .



. " " . . , , , , " ". . .

""

"". 164 . , , 9:30 ", , , ".

""

"". , " ".

" "

. , . .

" "

, . , . . .

" "

, - . .



, Burke Foundation, . , . 2 , . , .

"

, , . . , . . :

" , . , , ".

" "

. 10 , , . , .

"

, , . , . , . .

" "

, . . , , "". , . "", , . , , : " ". , . , , . , .

" "

. -. . , . , .

. . - , . , , , . , .

?

. : " , , ". , , .

.
.
.

.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

, 04 2011 . 19:21 +
: WikiIslam

, - , . , , .

,[1] . ( [] []) - , , .

, [1] : , , , -, , . , - .[2][3]

" " , , - .[4] , , , . 1400 : [5][6]


60
80
10
120
270

, , 2 ( 1998 2004 ).[7] , 2003 2009 1960 , 500000 , 200000 ( ).[8] , 1979 2007 4000 .[9] .

, , , , , , - . !

, , , "" , , :

" , - , !"
2:245 (244)

", , , , , . ; !"
4:78 (76)

" ! , . , : !"
4:86 (84)

" () , , , . , ; , , . , ,"
4:91 (89)

" : - , , ! , , ; , !"
8:12 (12)

" , , ."
8:40 (39)

" , , , , , !"
9:5 (5)

" , - , , , , "
9:14 (14)

" , , , , - , , , ."
9:29 (29)

", , - ! , , , . , ? , ! - !"
9:112 (111)

" , ! , . ."
9:124 (123)

" , , - ; , ."
47:4 (4)

() -, -, " ". - . :

" (-), , ( )"
, 53, 386 [13]

:

" : , , , , ."
, 1, 31 [14]

, - , .

23 1978 , -, - ( )[11] , , , .[12] , , , , , .

, , :

" ." 2:257 (256)

" : - : , , , "
18:28 (29)

, , , , , , - -, , - , :

" , -."

- , , . 1981 , ( -) , .[13] " " - . , , , . , 4:97(95) , , .

, ? , , , , , , . , , "" (). , , , " ". , , . .

? , , , , , , . , , , , "" , .

.
.
.

.
.
.


:  
(0)

, 04 2011 . 19:18 +
: " ".

: WikiIslam







- "CAIR" ( 2007 ).[1] , ,[2] , , , .

, " ", CNN. , , , " ",[3] 13 30 .[4]

1,5 , , ", , . , , ."
, " ".[5]

, . . - 5:35 (32), , .

.

1. , " ", , .
2. ( , ), , :

" : , , , ." 5:35 (32)

, , , "" :

" . . , , , , , , , " 5:36-37 (33)

, , . , 7 , - .

, " ".[5]

. - 7 , CAIR, . "Pew" 2009 , 2,454 .[6] 0,8%.

, , , . , . 9/11, , , .[7]

, , . , , , .

, , , , " ". , .

, " ".[5]

" " , .[8]

, , , . , , , , .

, "", , "", , -.

, - " ", , "", , , " " , , ", " -, "".

, " ".[5]

, , "ad hominem tu quoque" (" " - , ). "Ad hominem tu quoque" - , , .

, , , . , , 15 , , , . , - 9.[9]

. , 92% , , , 5% 1% - .[10] , ? , . , .

, , , , . , , .

, 2008 , , 10,779 .[11] , 2008 , 350 . 9,159 2009 [12] 9,175 2010 .[13]

, , .

, " ".[5]

, , . , .

, " ", , .

, , : " ".[14] , , , - " , ", , - " , ." [14]

, " , , , , .

, " ".[5]

. , , .[16] , , , .[17]

- -, -, [] , , .

, " ".[5]

"-", , . , , , , .

, " ", [18][19] . , , , .[20] , , .[21][22][23]

" " , , , "", , - -, , , , , .[18]

, , , , , , , .[24][25]

, 2008 , 3400 . Wall Street Journal, " 10 ".

, " ".[5]

, , - . , , , . , , , , " ".

, , . , , , . , , , .

, " ".[5]

. , .

( ), , . , , , , , .

, " ".[5]

, , . , 2007 , , - .[26] , , 2008 , 80% - .[27]

, , , " ", , , . , , , .[27]


, .

, , , , , , , .

.
.
.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

. 1877 -1923

, 03 2011 . 19:03 +
1877 1923 :

( 1877 1908)
( 1908 1919)
( 1919 1923 )

.

. , , , , , "".
. 1877 -1923
: Genocide.ru



- 18771878 . . , , - . 1878 . .

- 19 . 16- , .

, , - . 1878 . - , . . 61- , .

1894 1896

II , , . . , , , , . -, , . , .

1894 . 61- , . . 10000 .

18 1895 . . . . 2000 . .

. . . , , , . , , . , . 5000 8700 .

189496 . 300 000 : , .




, " " ( ).

1908 . - . . : -, , , . , , , . , . , , . .

. , 31 (13 ) 1909 . , . , . , . 30000 . , .

1909 1910 . : , , , .



, . , , . , .

1914 . ( ) . , , .

, . 4 , 18 " " . , . , , .

29 1914 . : . 2 . , .

: . , -. .

1914 . , , , . , , , . , .

1915 . , () , . . , . . , . , . .

: , , , , . 24 250 , 800 . . .

. : . : . , , , , . , , , .

, , -, . , , . , .

1915
. , . , .

, . . 1915, , , . - , . 1916 , .

1916
, , . ( " ") , . , .

1916
. , : . .

1916 . , , , , , , , . -: , . 8- 9- " ": .

1916
, . "" , , "".

1917
, , . . , 1918 . , . : . , - , , . () : , .

1918
. . , . , - . , , , , , .

28 , 4 , .

, , . - () " ", 5- , () . , , . . , 10 000 .

. . 1918, , , .




1919 . . , , , . , , .

, ( ) . . . 1920 . , , , .

10 , , , . , , , , 1920 . . .

, , 1921 . , ( ) . 1922 . (). ; , . 100000 .

192223 . () , , , , . , , . .




, 1877 . 1923 . . .

, " ", . , , , "".

, , : , . , , , , . , . , " 1915 .".

. ; , , . , .

, - . : , , , , , , . .

, . . , ,

.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

1915 - 1918 .

, 03 2011 . 18:59 +
: Ru-AntiIslam

1915-1918 . 275,000 750,000 .

, , . , .

, - . , . -, , , , "" - . "" .



1915 , , , . 475 . . , . , .



1915 , , , 8000 , " ", , 30 20 000 . , .







1918 . , , 3500 . , . . , :




" ( ) -. - . , - , . . . .

.

, , , , . , . , .


.

, . . , , , , , , . , .

. , . ."


Assyrian Genocide (Wikipedia)
Assyrian Genocide (Encyclopedia of the Orient)
Assyrian Genocide Photo Gallery (Assyria Online)

Ш




() , , - ( ) , - ( ). , .


.

, . , . (5 . .. 1 . ..), (49 . ..). , , , 7 . . (1, 2).

, : " ", : " "

, , , 7 , 15 . : " 650 1999 ".
.
.
.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

.

, 03 2011 . 18:52 +
, , , - . . . , . , . - .
.
: Maof

, .


- , . , - , , , . , .


, , . , . , . . - . , .

. , , . . . . . , . :

- , , : , . , - . " " .

. , .. . , . , ...

. , : , , , , . ,

. 40 - , . 37 - , 10 - . , , , , . . , , , , .

, , , . , , - " " , , - , . ! 80% - -, 10 .

- : - , , , .

- , . , ; - , - .

, , , - , , . , - . , , , , - , , - , .

, , "". , , , , : , .

, , , , - . . . , . , , - .

, . . - . - . . , .

.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

(1976 )

, 03 2011 . 18:49 +
- , , , .

, . , .

. .

: Free Lebanon

20 . , - . - . 25000 , , , , .

9 1976 , , , , . , . - . 16000 , , .

, , . " ", : " . ."

. , . , , . , . "", - : " , ." . : " . , , ." : ", . . , ."

. . . , . , . , , . , : " !"

: ", , . . , , . . . , . . . . , , . , , . , . , , .

. , , . , . . , , ."

23 . : " . , ! , , , ..."

. . , . 16 , , , , .

, , .

, , , . . . , .

, ( , ), . , , . , , .




, , . , , .



. .

15 , , , . 1,2 ( 1970), 40000 , 100000 , 5000 . , . . 70 - 60%, 90 - 40%, 2000 30%.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

. ?

, 30 2011 . 17:56 +
- , . : 150-160 , , 30-40 !
. ?
:

: , , - , "". : - " ", . : , , , .

" " " " , , , . , , . , .

, , . . , , . - , .

, , . : " . ?"

, . , , , .

, ? ? , , . . , , . .

, , , . . : , , , .

, , , , . , , , .


1

" - . , , ." , 2000 .

, 1991- - . : " , () ". , : , . , : ", , - , . , 470 , - . , , - . , , . - ? - ?
, .
. , , . -? ?
. ." [2].

. . , - .

, , , XXI . , . , , . , .

. , , . " : " ". , ?!", - - [3].

1568 , 1993-. , ( 100 [4]). - 1973 [5].

.

, . , , . , , - .

: - 1986 - , , 17 , -, [6].

"". : 1979-1989 (9,9%) 12,4%, , , [7].

, , , : .

( 1980-) , " " [8]. , , 1980- , , .

, . 1 [9] 17 . , - . , , : " , , , ". " , - " - A1.

, , 1991 . 1990-. .

" ", . , : - , XIX .

, , , . , , , . : " , - , . - , , , ( , ..) "(1).

: - ( ) , . , , , , ( -!), , " " [10].

. : , , . , .

" , , , , . , , 360 , , . , ", - 2.

, . , , .

, " ". , " , , , -, ", - " " [11].

" ". - , : (1).

. :

, ?
, , - .

, :

? , , .
? , - [12].

: , (1). , , - . (), . , . : .

A4 : " 90- . . , . - , , , , ".

. , , , : , . . - ( ) " ":

" , -, ... , " [13].

. , , . . 90 (2).

2 , : , , , . , . , , , .

, . " -" , " ( ..) . " [14]. , !

, , - [15]. , - " ", "" , , - , .

. 1994 " : ., ., ., ., . ., , ", - [16]. . , , "" .

, 1990- 100 [17]. 1980- , .

-, , , - : 1 (, , !), .

. . -, - . . ( A7) . , , " ". : . . . , , .

, ( 2 1992- 10 000 )? : 1993- (?!) . , . , - [18].

, 1990- . .

1992- . ( ) . " ", - [19].

" , .., - , - , , 1- . , . - , . , "(1).

, , [20].

. : , , , . , , , .

" " 1914-. , , .

: 1990- , "", ( 1989 , ).

: " , !" " , !" - " " .

, ? . " - ". , , . . , . 1993 . . , . A4 ( -).

, . 1993-. : , , . , "", , [21].

: " , , , ? . 17 , , , ?", - .

" " , , ( ?), [22].

, , . : , - , . " , , , , . ", - , - [23].

, , .

, , " " , . . ( . ", "). . ( : 1995-, ).

- , . , .

-, , , - . , , "" .


2

"... , , ." , 2005

[24] , " - , " ( II), , , . " , , " (. IV).

. , , 250 [25], 20 [26].

: 1989 372 293 000 [27].

, , , 8 000 [28], 1997- 270, 2001, , . , , , 350 . ( . 30 [29], ).

, , . , , , . . 40 [30], , , 80 . , 300 .

, . . , " , , . ..." [31]. , "", , : " , , : " -". , , . . . , , , : " "" [32].

1 , : . , , () .

, . , , ( , ), - , , .

, . . 1991- , - ( ). " , , , - ", - [33]. " ", .

" "! , - , (3). , .

, , , - , , - . : , , , .

, , ( ). , , , , , . (, , ), : .

. " " ? , , , .

, " ", " , " [34], , , - .

? ? , , , . " " .

, , " " [35]. , , " " .

, . . , 1994-, .

, , " " . . . . , .

, ( 1994-1995, ). . , - , : " , , , "" , . , , . - , " [36].

, , , , . ( 2, , ).

, , . , " ". , , , . : " , , . , . , . , - , ?" [37]

, , , , ?

, 10 . 1994- , , . , , . 3 , .

, . - , . , , , , . .

" , . , , , : . . - , ".

1995- . , : ( 300 ), , [38].

. , ( ) [39], [40]. "" 1995 .

1995 . , " 1991 , 1992 , 1993 , ". , [41]. . , .

. , , . 1995-1996 . , - . , 1996- .

- (1996) . . .: " , -, , . , , " ". , , "". , ? 1991 ( ) , . . , "" . , : " [42]. " " .

. : " ( - ..) , , , , , , , " [43].

1990- , , [44]. , " " , . [45], 45 [46], , . . 1997- , , [47]. , . .

, , , . . . 1999- "" : " , , , " [48].

4 , " , , ".

. . " , " [49].

- . , (A6), .

. , : " " [50], [51].

, , , " . 1991 1999 " [52]. " " : "" [53] ( , " "). . "" [54].

, . (20 2001) 10 8 2 [55] , [56]. . , .

, . , . , , [57].

, . , .

. : , , .

, , . , , , , .

A5 : " . . , , . . , ".



1 "", 16 2005. |
2 . ": ". . |
3 . " ". : "", 2002. . 518. |
4 D. Stannard "American Holocaust: The Conquest of the New World". "Oxford University Press", 1993. |
5 " ". : "- ", 2000. . 4, . 82. |
6 " . ", . . .: "-85", 1995. . 11. |
7 . " " |
8 . " " // "", 9 1998. |
9 , , - . n , , n . |
10 . " . ". .: " ", 2002. . 28. |
11 " . , 1991-1995: , ". : , 1995. 2, . 6. ( ). |
12 . " " // " ", 1 2004. |
13 . . 2, . 6. |
14 " -", 5 1991. |
15 " ", 15 1993. |
16 " , ! !" // .ru, 25 2000. 1995-. |
17 . " " // " ", 21 2003. |
18 . . 2, . 6. |
19 . . 1, . 16. |
20 . : " pp 1993 ., , . ( ) ". (" , !.."). |
21 . . ., . 28 |
22 . "". , . |
23 . " " [ . . ] // " ", 12-18 2003. |
24 // " . ", .: , 1998. |
25 "", 28 2005. |
26 . " " // " ", 21 2003. |
27 . " ". |
28 " ", 24 1998. . , , . |
29 "", 17 2003. |
30 . " , . " // " ", 21, 1998. |
31 . " ..." // "", 1, 2003. . 21. |
32 . - " " // "", 28 2005. |
33 . " ...". . 22. |
34 "DiRECT!", 23 Juin 2000. |
35 " ", 2, 2002. |
36 . " ...". |
37 . " " // "-7", 17 2000. |
38 "", 25 1995. |
39 L. Monod "Le Role de lOSCE en Tchetchenie". Edition d"Institut Universitaire des Hautes Etudes Internationales", 2000-2001. P. 12. |
40 E. Schneider "Moskau Entschluss zum Tschetschenien-Krieg" // "Aussenpolitik", 2, 1995. S. 162. |
41 " ", 14 1995. |
42 "-7", 12 1999. |
43 . . : " ", 1978. . II, . 613. |
44 . . 1, . 18. |
45 . "". |
46 . " " // " ", 21 2003. |
47 " ", 27 1997. |
48 . , . " " // "", 8 1999. |
49 "-", 17 1999. . . " " // " ", 1(8), 2000. . 38. |
50 " ", 6 2000. |
51 "", 3 2001. |
52 " ", 6 2000. |
53 "", 19 2000. |
54 Lenta.ru, 18 2001. |
55 News.ru, 20 2003. |
56 News.ru, 23 2003. |
57 "i", 30 2003. |

.
.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

.

, 30 2011 . 17:50 +
20 , , . 1922 1948 , .

2,5 . ( ) . . 1922 , . 1948 - - . , , , , .
.
: FictionBook.lib

(1800 )

, . , , , . , . , , . .

, , , , , , , . , , , , , , , . , , , .


, (1820 )

, -. , . , , , , . , . , . . , , , . , , , e , . , . 13 1235 . , .


( 19 )

, , .

, , , , . . , : ? : , , . , , , , .

: ; , ; ; , ( 1785 ), , ,

, , ; , , , . , , , , , , , , , . .

, , , , , , . , , ; , , , .

, , , , , ; , . . , , , , , . .

() 1785 -, . . , . , , . , , , , , . , , , , , . , , , ; , , , , . .




- . . . (1889):

" , , (), :

.
, , , .
, e, .
, , , , .
, .
.
.
.
, . , ."


(1880 )

, 15 1880 , , , , . , . , , . , . , , , . , , , , , , . . .

, , , . , , . . , , , . ; , . . , .

, , , , . , , , . , , , , .

, . , . , , . , , .

, . ( 1912 ).


(1850 )

() 3000 . , 2500 (). ; , , .

, , , . , , :

1. , , , .

2. .

3. . , .

4. , , , .

5. , , , , .

6. , . , .

7. , -, 12 , , , , .

8. , , ( ), . , , .

9. , - , . . - , , .

10. , . .

11. , , . , , . , , .

12. , , .

13. , . , .

14. , , .



1. , .

2. .

3. , , .

4. , , .

5. . .

6.

7. . , - .

8. , .

9. . !

10. . ; , .

11. .

12. .

13. , .
14. , , , , .

15. .

16. , .


1847

- . , . : , !; , , , . , .. .

, : . , , , , , , , , . , .

, , , . , , , , , , . , - , , -, , .

- , , , , . , . . , . , , , , . , .

.
.
.
.
.


:  
(0)

, 30 2011 . 17:44 +


1967 , 75000 ( 1500 ). (- , ) . , 40000 . - , , - . -. (-) , .

, , . . , , , . .

. 27000 1700. . . , .
( )

,

, - , 15 , . , , , .

2000, - , 2004 . 93 . 2002 ., , 17- 19- , . , , .
(Danielpipes.org)



2004 , 39 150 . , - , , ! - . - ! - .

.

. . 1997 . ( ), .

2000 . , , , , .

. - 30 , , - , , , . , , .
(Russianexpress)



, , , , , , . - .



1. -. 2. , , , . , , , .

3. , , - . . , , .

,

4. , , - -. , , .

5. . 17 , . .

-

6. , . , . , , . . , . , ( ), .
( )

.



( - , -- ) , , . , , .

, , . , , .
(ortal-redo)


COMPAS . .


@Mail.ru

.
.
.
.
.
.


:  

 : 6 5 4 3 2 [1]