"":.
1 -
2 -
3 -
4 - Present Simple
5 - such, so
6 - there Is..., there are
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SIMPLE
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PROGRESSIVE
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PERFECT
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PERFECTPROGRESSIVE
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1. , , , , , . . 2. .
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, , , , . , , (, ). |
, , . Present: . |
, , , . . |
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PAST
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+
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S + Ved/2
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S + was/were + Ving
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S + had + Ved/3
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S + had been + Ving
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?
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did + S + V1?
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was/were + S + Ving?
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had + S + Ved/3?
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-
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S + did not + V1?
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S + wasn’t/weren’t + Ving.
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S + hadn’t + Ved/3?
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yesterday, last year/month/week
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at, when, while, at 2 o’clock
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by-, before
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: : What did he do last night?
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, : , : He was writing a letter, when I entered the room. : While I was writing a letter, he was looking through the paper. , . |
— , : I had written a letter by 7 o’clock. I had written a letter to my sister before he came |
, (when) ( , Past Perfect): I had been writing a letter for 2 hours when he came I had been writing a letter since 2 o’clock when he came. |
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PRESENT
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+
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S + V/Vs
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to be + Ving
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S + have/has + Ved/3
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I/we/you/they + have been + Ving |
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?
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do + S + V? |
are + we/you/they + Ving? |
[] + Have + S + Ved/3 Who has ever been to the USA?
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-
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S + don’t/doesn’t + V
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every day, usually, never, at first, then, after, in the morning, evening, often |
now, at the moment
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twice, several times, lately, recently; yet (-) – ; already (), never, just – ; ever (-) – , ; |
since 2 o’clock, for 3 hours
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, ; Water freezes at zero. |
: I am working now. |
: I have eaten frogs twice in my life. — ; : , : - - |
: I have been reading since 2 o’clock. - 2 . |
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FUTURE
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+
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S+will+V
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S + will be + Ving
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S + will have + Ved/3
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S + will have been + Ving |
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?
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will +S+V?
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will + S + be + Ving?
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Will + S + have + Ved/3?
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-
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S +will not(won’t)+V?
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S + will not + Ving.
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S + will not(won’t) + have + Ved/3
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tomorrow, next week, next month, often , every day, soon |
at, when, while, tomorrow |
by, before, tomorrow |
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, , ( ): Tomorrow I’ll write a letter to my sister (if I have time) — ( ); : I’ll often write to my sister (when she goes abroad). — ( ); , : Don’t drive so fast or you’ll crash. |
, : I will be writing a letter at 7 o’clock. , , : He will be writing a letter when I come. — , ; : I will be writing a letter while he will be looking through the newspaper. — , . |
— , : I’ll have written the letter by 7 o’clock. I’ll have written the letter before he comes. |
She will has been writing the letter for 2 hours when he comes. |
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Present Simple |
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Present Simple, , , .
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() Study the following situation: |
() : |
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Norman is a swimmer.
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– , .
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We use the present simple to talk about things in general. We are not thinking only about the present. We use it to say that something happens all the time or repeatedly, or that something is true in general. It is not important whether the action is happening at the time of speaking. permanent situation or state She works as a nurse. He owns a small shop. 2) repeated/habitual actions (especially with frequency adverbs: often, usually etc) - I get up at 6 o'clock every morning 3) permanent truths or laws of nature - Water boils at 100 degrees Centigrade. 4) timetables/programmes (future meaning) The train leaves at 6.00 The match finishes at 8.30 5) rewiews/sports commentaries/dramatic narratives Jonny Depp acts brilliantly in the film. |
present simple, , , . , , . , :
. . 2) ( ) - 6
- 1000 . 4) , ( ) 6.00. 8.30. 5) // . |
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Remember that we say he / she / it -s. |
, : he / she / it -s. |
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(b) We use do / does to make questions and negative sentence. |
(b) do / does, . |
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(c) Note that we say 'Where do you come from?' ( = Where are you from?' ) |
(c) , : 'Where do you come from?, ' |
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- Where do you come from? |
- ? |
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(d) When you make a suggestion, you can say Why don't you … ? |
(d) -, Why don't you … ? |
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- 'I'm tired.' |
- . |
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such, so |
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, . , , .
: «such” “so”. , “very” (“”), . : «such» , “so” – . :
1. «It is such testy apple». – « - » (“such” “ apple ”
2. «It is so difficulty.” - !” (“difficulty ” - )
3. «She speaks such a bad French» - « » (“French” – )
4. 4 “Peter speaks French so well.” - “ .” (“well” – )
, “so” “many” (“”, “”) , “much” (“”), “few” (“”, “”).
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there Is..., there are |
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, , - , ( ) - - , there is..., there are.... , : , there is. Is 3- , : , ( ) he, she, ( ) it. :
? ? ( ) ? ? ?
There is a phone on the table. () .
() . ( .)
There is (?) a computer (?) in the room.
() . ( .) There is (?) a flower (?) in the kitchen, () . There is a huge old apple-tree in the garden, () . There is a mistake in your letter, () . There is a scar on his face, () , .
There is always fun when he jokes around, around , , , - joke , .
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