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́ (. csárdás) — . . csárda — , .
, : , , , , .
. , ( . Werbung — ), XVIII . , .
. , (), , (). : csárdás, sűrű csárdás szökős csárdás. 2/4 4/4.
. , , .
, , , ϸ , , .
/ Vittorio Monti / 6 1868 . 20 1922 .
" -"/"Conservatorio di San Pietro a Majella" . (F. Pinto) (Paolo Serrao).
1886 , /Camillo Sivori ""/"Lamoureux Orchestra".
, , , , .
- "" (Csárdás), () .
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. , , , — . : — . : , , : — «» «». , , , , . — — «» — , . , , , , , — , .
. , - ( . — . , , . , , , . .
, . , , . 1839 . «» « », , .
. . 19- « » -. 1838 : « , , ». « ,— , — ».
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, , , World Dance.
, , " " : , , . … , ( ), ( tap dance) .
, (clogging), hard shoe dance (percussion - . ). , , . , , ( " - ", ). , …
1. VIII - IX
, : . , . , . , , . ( ?!) … … shuffl', stopm' . , - .
18 : 1700- (jig), , (giouba) - . 19- , buck and wing (: "" ""). , (clog) : hornpipe, pedestal, trick, statue, waltz clog. : . , , buck and wing, , .
, " " (soft shoe), . , : . , (shortgun tap), flash step, . (hoof - . ) , , - .
, (reel), (clog) ( - William Henry Lane), 1825 1852 1845 . (Master Juba) (Minstrel Shows), , , . , , . (blackface), , - 20- 20 .
, 19 (clog), . , , , . , ( 70 15 ). . 1866 "The Black Crook" (" "), , " " (Pedestal Dancer). - (, , "42- "): 24- , .
, (1861-65), , , : , , , , , . , , , 18-19- "vernacular", , . , , 20 .
2.
: . : 5 :
· 1900-1920- - ,
· 1930-40- - " ", ,
· 1950- 1960- - "",
· 60- -1980- - ,
· 1990--2000- - .
… "tap and step dance" 1902 "Minstrel Misses". - : . , ( - 1910 ). , Capezio, " " (tap dance) 1928 . - , , 20- .
, , . , , 1900-1920- . , , , , , , . , 10-20- "" "". , ("") . , , , (amateur contests), "" .
1914 , . 1914 , Darktown Follies (" "), - "" . " ", : : (the Lindy Hop), , . , . "" "" . , "Ziegfeld Follies".
20- () . , 1919 , : (speakeasies), , , Cotton Club, , . : , "Shuffle Along", " " . , -. shim sham shimmy. time step, buck and wing dance.
, , tap-dance 1928 , Blackbirds (""), (Bill 'Bojangles' Robinson). . , , . (John Sublett Bubbes), , "" (rhythm tap): , " ", , , .
, 10-20- , , - (Eleanor Powell), 11 , 17 , 23 MGM " " (Born to Dance) " 1938 " (Broadway Melody of 1938). .
1930-40- , , ( ) . , () : , . , : " , ", "" , . , : , . , , (Fred Astaire). , , - . , - , , , . 20- , . , (Gene Kelly), , ( ) .
, , , "" , , . - " " " " (1941 .), (the Nicholas Brothers) . 40- : - (Jigsaw Jackson, Donald O'Connor, Ray Bolger), (Ida Forsyne, Dewey Weinglass), - (the Bery brothers), - (Maxie McCree, Aaron Palmer .). ( ), : , .
50- , , , , . - Hoofer's Club , , , , ..
60- . 6 1963 , 30-40- . 7 1969 Tap Happenings (" ") - . 1970 ", , " . ( ) , 70- - , . 80- : - (Gregory Hines). , , . , 1989 25 - , .
90- , "" (Riverdance), , "-1994", . "" , ( hard shoe, ). "" , "Lord of the Dance", . , : , "Bring 'da Noise, Bring in 'da Funk". - 1996 , (Savion Glover), " ". : . ( ), , ..
, , , - 21- . , . , "" " " (challenge and stealing steps). 19 , 20- , , . , : - Hoofer's Club, . , , , , , , , , , , … , . , " , ", , . , , . : - , , , , .
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