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Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov ( ), NKVD (KGB) boss during 1930s
151 centimetre. Near to other members of the Central Committee, too not high, Yezhov simply seems the child. Jury Zhukov, the doctor of historical sciences: "It was, first of all, the dwarf if to speak seriously. This growth created an inferiority complex. 1 metre of 51 centimetre - is the pygmy literally words. Here, pygmies of equatorial Africa, pygmies on Amazon - such growth. And Yezhov in every possible way aspired to seize upon such power to dominate over those who above it: on growth, on knowledge, on mind." "The bloody dwarf" - so it have nicknamed in the people. In the Soviet newspapers of that time it - the knight without fear and reproach. Here they, those "echinoid mittens" - smother counter-revolutionaries. About it wrote: "In a sparkling of a lightning you became familiar to us, Yezhov, with sharp-sighted eyes and the clever people's commissar." But, it in verses. In a life at "with sharp-sighted eyes and the clever people's commissar" - one class of formation and work as a journeyman at the tailor. Across the Kremlin hearings about its drunkenness and numerous novels with women and men went. Nikolay Petrov, the historian, the author of the book "Stalin pupil - Nikolay Yezhov":" Yezhov, really, was nonconventional orientation, but it was the bisexual. It had a wife, it had numerous novels with women. Even, in these novels, it too was primitive, too was uninteresting. It was drunkenness, it was sex, but in it there was no something romantic it was the grey boring person in every respect. Not only semiliterate and uneducated. It was the primitive person, sickly physically and is moral not developed person."For Nikolay Yezhov's first roles Stalin has deduced. In 1936 it appoints its people's commissar of internal affairs, in 1937 appropriates a rank of the General commissioner of the state security, equal at that time to the marshal of Soviet Union. In a result - Yezhov receives the huge power. But, Stalin knew, it can charge to Yezhov the dirtiest work, and that will execute it, without doubting seconds. At first there was an indicative political show with exposure and liquidation of the main things Stalin, so-called "Trotsky and Buharin's group". Later, total clearing has been put on the conveyor and Yezhov as anybody, approached for a role of the cleaner: near, has no command and it is completely operated.
Jury Zhukov, the doctor of historical sciences: "Has been solved, Berry to remove, make its people's commissar, that is, the Minister of Communications, and instead of it to plant, like, the dark, semiliterate little fool, say, Yezhov. He listened spellbound. If to it spoke to dig one hole, it dug ten holes, just in case. Both Stalin and Stalin group believed that it simply will appear the executor of their will." Stalin was not mistaken in the bloody dwarf, its sense of duty knew no limit. In the Kremlin joked: it is easy to Yezhov to order, but it is impossible to stop then. "It is valid, if to it allowed a command to search for enemies of the people, it found them everywhere. Nikolay Petrov, the historian, the author of the book" Stalin pupil - Nikolay Yezhov ":" I saw Yezhov Stalin's some notes where the espionage organisations among collectors of marks were described, collectors of the butterflies studying esperanto, too after all, in not clear language talk and it is not known with whom correspond, among deaf-mutes, certainly because they among themselves all the same as - that communicate, and it is absolutely impossible to understand, as as they speak each other that is as they hand over the information each other, and whether they against are incited the Soviet system."
The curious fact: Yezhov very well sang. In due time even dreamt of a scene, but to it have directly told - is short, any partner will be above you on a head so sing as - that... That it also did - since then in the companies with pleasure sang Russian national. Speak, especially cordially at Yezhov "the Black raven" turned out. During board cars named the population "The Blacks ravens" have taken away 1,5 million person. 700 000 of them have been subjected to death by firing squad. The Soviet repressive machinery did not know such scales neither to, nor after. Later, all it will be written off on Yezhov. To the people declare: "Stalin knew nothing about an arbitrariness of the people's commissar, and when has learnt - has condemned". historians are convinced, to death by firing squad Stalin confirmed all lists personally. Dig Medvedev, the historian, the publicist:" In 1937 Yezhov visited Stalin almost daily and sometimes Yezhov's these visits, one Yezhov, to Stalin proceeded for 3 4 hours, that is Yezhov brought the list, any inquiries additional and Stalin solved, whom to leave whom to delete."But, pressure of terror affected and the executioner. In the last years of life Yezhov deeply drank. It often could not find on a workplace. In 1938 people's commissar did not leave hard drinking by days. Nikita Khruschev recollected: Yezhov has absolutely lost by then human shape. It so saws, as was not similar to itself(himself). He understood that Stalin uses it, as a bludgeon for destruction of shots and filled in the conscience with vodka". However, there is also other estimation. Yezhov did not consider itself a bludgeon, that it the executioner. It was pleasant to it, when it named "our small Marat", it was pleasant, what exactly it cleans party and the country from counter-revolutionaries. However, when all dirty work has been made, "small Marat" is not become necessary.
Nikolay Petrov, the historian, the author of the book "Stalin pupil - Nikolay Yezhov":" Yezhov in any sense began to weigh Stalin. It not only the witness of those crimes and that lawlessness and which has been made, it still the person who should not live and which actually should be a lightning rod. That is, all should think that Yezhov in something is guilty that he has made something not that it was charged by Stalin and Stalin has shot it for it. So to Stalin it was more convenient."Yezhov's Elimination went under the debugged scheme: round it there are new assistants to which passes more and more powers. The first deputy becomes Berija, they companions, Yezhov names Berija - Lavrentie, that Yezhov - Kolia. When in November 1938 Yezhov has left from a post of the head of People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs, it was replaced with Berija, in 1939 it and took" documents Kolia "under the personal control. Him have arrested in April 1939 . Charge the then traditional - to Yezhov have shown that it worked on English, Polish, German and Japanese investigations, prepared armed revolt and act of terrorism against Stalin. Also, on a consequence have recollected nonconventional orientation of the people's commissar. Yezhov - the unique party head of such level to whom have officially brought accusation under 154 article, "Homosexuality." On the closed court Yezhov swore fidelity of party and personally to Stalin. He has declared: "I have cleaned 14 000 security officers, but huge my fault that I have a little cleaned them." It have shot on February, 4th 1940 , next day after court. Speak, when it conducted on execution, he sang "Internatsional", and its last words were: "Long live Stalin!" To the people neither about Nikolay Yezhov's arrest, nor on its execution have informed nothing. His name has simply disappeared from newspapers. About it have ceased to speak, as if never and there was no this person. Joseph Stalin has started to write new page of the Soviet history, from a blank leaf, preliminary having cleaned the cleaner. (Irina Zubareva, Evgenie Poltev, Vladimir Sidorenkov, the analytical program "Postscript")
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