Пятница, 28 Сентября 2012 г. 05:44
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THE LONG VOWEL MARKS- WAAW AL-MADD
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/Waaw al-Madd/ is the long vowel lengthening the sound of the /Đammah/ from 'u' into 'oo'. We have not covered the joining of letters yet, so just read the letter lengthening the sound, and we shall cover the way the letters change shape when joining in a later lesson In-Shā’-Allâh (God wiling).
SUKUUN AND SHADDAH
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In this lesson we will cover one more diacritical mark (i.e. a mark added to a letter to indicate a special pronunciation) in the Arabic language called the /Sukūn/ In-Shā’-Allâh (God wiling). The /Sukūn/ is in the shape of a circle and is written above a letter to show that there is no vowel on the letter. Hence, we emphasise the letter by stopping in our pronunciation of it. This will require us to join letters. Although we have not covered the rules relating to joining of letters (covered in a later lesson). We will use simple words to demonstrate the usage of the /Sukūn/.
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Please click on the words to hear how they are pronounced. This is a good opportunity for you to learn how to read basic Arabic words. Please don't worry if you find it difficult to read the words by putting the letters together. We will go over reading words in more detail later In-Shā’-Allâh (God wiling). At this stage focus on the principle of the /Sukūn/ and try your best to read the words.
Click on Letters to hear pronunciation
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أَنْفٌ
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مِنْ
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بَيْتٌ
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مَسْجِدٌ
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Arabic Word
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Nose
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From
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House
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Mosque
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Translation
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/Anfon/
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/Min/
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/Baytun/
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/Masĵidun/
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Transliteration
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We will now cover the /Shaddah/ In-Shā’-Allâh (God wiling). The /Shaddah/ is a diacritical mark written above a letter to show that the letter has been doubled and therefore increases in emphasis. Once again, please don't worry if you find joining the letters and vowel-marks or reading difficult. Try your best to join the sounds and letters at this stage and pay attention to the sound of the letter which has the /Shaddah/ on it.
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دُبٌّ
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بَطٌّ
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قِطَّةٌ
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Arabic Word
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Bear
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Duck
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Cat
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Translation
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/Dubbun/
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/Baŧŧun/
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/Qiŧŧatun/
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Transliteration
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ARABIC ALPHABET- JOINED FORM
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The joining of the Arabic Alphabet can be a difficult subject to master. The reason for this is that the way a letter joins depends on:
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The letter being used (e.g.: /Alif/, /Baa/ etc.) as different rules apply to different letters.
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The position of the letter in the word (i.e. beginning, middle or end).
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Unique letters - i.e. there are 6 letters which do not join to any other letter (but can be joined to) - this is covered below.
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As there are so many different scenarios to remember, it is easier to remember the patterns. The table below shows every scenario, i.e.: how each letter will be written in the beginning, middle and end of a word as well as an example of its joined form and the shape of the letter by itself (as we learnt earlier).
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The most common patterns you will find below are:
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All letters are written in their full form if they occur at the end of a word, some may slightly change shape.
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Most letters do join to other letters in front of them, however, there are six letters which do not join to any letter after them, these letters are:
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There are groups of letters which have similar shapes in individual (i.e. as learnt earlier). These groups are also similar in joined form (e.g. /Bā’/, /Tā’/ and /Thā’/). The only difference in these letters is the number or positions of dots around the letter.
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Whilst it is important to make an effort to look at the forms above, it is sometimes easier to look for the patterns rather than each individual letter. For example, the following groups of letters are very similar in their joined forms, in most cases the only difference is the position or number of dots used in the letters:
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/Bā’/, /Taa/ and /Thā’/
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/Ĵīm/, /Ha/ and /Khâ’/
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/Sīn/ and /Shīn/
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/Ŝâd/ and /Đâd/
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/Ŧâ’/ and /Dhâ’/
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Finally, to master the different forms of joining will take some time and it is important to practice writing whilst learning the Arabic language to become familiar with the script. This will come with practice In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing), so it is not necessary to have mastered all the letters joining forms before moving on. Please move on to the next lesson after you have familiarised yourself to a reasonable level of the joined forms above. In the next lesson we will use some examples to practice and familiarise ourselves with the joined form of letters In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing).
ARABIC READING PRACTICE 1
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In this lesson we will practice some examples that we covered earlier. Please read from right to left. The first column shows the letters individually. To hear the sound of each letter which forms the word, click on the letter. To hear the full word pronounced, click on the word in the column Final Form.
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Pay careful attention to how letters are joined. Remember letters can have different shapes depending on whether they are in the beginning, middle or end of a word.
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We will continue practicing joining letters and reading in the next lesson In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing).
ARABIC READING PRACTICE 2
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In this part we will continue practising joining letters and reading, In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing).
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In this lesson we have covered some very basic words in Arabic to practise joining the letters and the sounds that they make. In the next lesson we will practice some more words which will include long vowel-marks, /Sukūn/ and /Shaddah/ which we covered in earlier lessons In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing).
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